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Mitigation Of Peak Oil ... For the most part, mitigation involves fuel conservation, and the use of alternative and renewable energy sources. The development of unconventional oil resources can extend the use of petroleum, but does not reduce consumption...

Second Generation Biofuels ... First generation biofuels are made from the sugars and vegetable oils found in arable crops, which can be easily extracted using conventional technology. In comparison, second generation biofuels are made from lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste, which makes it harder to extract the required fuel...

Economics Of Automobile Usage ... Public costs related to the automobile are several; effects related to emissions have received a lot of attention, however the impact of manufacturing and disposal is less well-understood. Private benefits/costs The benefits of using a car differ by many factors, in regard to location and culture...

DARPA Grand Challenge ... The Grand Challenge was the first long distance competition for driverless cars in the world; other research efforts in the field of Driverless cars take a more traditional commercial or academic approach...

Alternative Fuel Vehicle ... Since July 2009, more than 13,000 electric cars have been sold in Japan by November 2011, which includes more than 8,000 Leafs and 5,000 i-MiEVs...

Automobile Safety ... From 2006 the use of "bull bars", a fashion on 4x4s and SUVs, became illegal in the European Union, after having been banned on all new cars in 2002... Vehicle colour A Swedish study found that pink cars are involved in the fewest and black cars are involved in the most crashes (Land transport NZ 2005)... In Auckland New Zealand, a study found that there was a significantly lower rate of serious injury in silver cars; with higher rates in, brown, black, and green cars...

Automotive Industry By Country ... The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan. In 2009 China became the world's largest vehicle producer...

Automobile ... These locomotive cars were often used on suburban routes by both interurban and intercity railroad systems... Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007; the engines of these burn over a billion cubic meters (260 billion US gallons) of petrol/gasoline and diesel fuel yearly...

Road Traffic Safety ... The standard measures used in assessing road safety interventions are fatalities and Killed or Seriously Injured (KSI) rates, usually per billion (109) passenger kilometres. Countries caught in the old road safety paradigm, replace KSI rates with crash rates - for example, crashes per million vehicle miles...

Hybrid Electric Vehicle ... Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative braking, which converts the vehicle's kinetic energy into electric energy to charge the battery, rather than wasting it as heat energy as conventional brakes do. Some varieties of HEVs use their internal combustion engine to generate electricity by spinning an electrical generator (this combination is known as a motor-generator), to either recharge their batteries or to directly power the electric drive motors...

Electric Car ... Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century, until advances in internal combustion engine technology and mass production of cheaper gasoline vehicles led to a decline in the use of electric drive vehicle... The energy crises of the 1970s and 80s brought a short-lived interest in electric cars, but in the mid-2000s a renewed interest in the production of electric cars took place, due mainly to concerns about rapidly increasing oil prices and the need to curb greenhouse gas emissions...

Wood Gas ... Wood can be used to power cars with ordinary internal combustion engines if a wood gasifier is attached...

Biofuels By Region ... A senior member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, Congressman Fred Upton introduced legislation to use at least E10 fuel by 2012 in all cars in the USA... GM has over 4 million E85 cars on the road now, and by 2012 half of the production cars for the US will be capable of running on E85 fuel... Asia China Main article: Bioenergy in China In China, the government is making E10 blends mandatory in five provinces that account for 16% of the nation's passenger cars...

History Of The Automobile ... The first automobile patent in the United States was granted to Oliver Evans in 1789. 19th century Among other efforts, in 1815, a professor at Prague Polytechnich, Josef Bozek, built an oil-fired steam car...

Pneumatic Motor ... Pneumatic motors have existed in many forms over the past two centuries, ranging in size from hand held turbines to engines of up to several hundred horsepower. Some types rely on pistons and cylinders, others use turbines...

Automotive Market In The United States ... With the high fuel prices and the world petroleum crisis, the United States has seen its automotive market become more like the European market with fewer large vehicles on the road and more small cars... For luxurious cars, with the current volatility in oil prices, going for smaller cars is not only smart, but also trendy... And because fashion is of high importance with the upper classes, the little green cars with luxury trimmings become quite plausible ...

Automotive Industry ... The term automotive industry usually does not include industries dedicated to automobiles after delivery to the customer, such as repair shops and motor fuel filling stations. History The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany...