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Automotive Industry ... The term automotive industry usually does not include industries dedicated to automobiles after delivery to the customer, such as repair shops and motor fuel filling stations. History The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany...
Second Generation Biofuels ... First generation biofuels are made from the sugars and vegetable oils found in arable crops, which can be easily extracted using conventional technology. In comparison, second generation biofuels are made from lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste, which makes it harder to extract the required fuel...
Autonomous Car ... Autonomous cars are not in widespread use, but their introduction could produce several direct advantages: Fewer crashes, due to the autonomous system's increased reliability compared to human drivers Increased roadway capacity due to reduced need of safety gaps for example by platooning, and the ability to better manage traffic flow... Alleviation of parking scarcity as cars could drop off passengers, park far away where space is not scarce, and return as needed to pick up passengers... Adoption of robotic cars could reduce the number of vehicles worldwide, reduce the amount of space required for vehicle parking, and reduce the need for traffic police and vehicle insurance...
Automotive Industry By Country ... The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan. In 2009 China became the world's largest vehicle producer...
Brass Era Car ... This system specified front-engined, rear-wheel drive internal combustion engined cars with a sliding gear transmission...
Electric Car ... Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century, until advances in internal combustion engine technology and mass production of cheaper gasoline vehicles led to a decline in the use of electric drive vehicle... The energy crises of the 1970s and 80s brought a short-lived interest in electric cars, but in the mid-2000s a renewed interest in the production of electric cars took place, due mainly to concerns about rapidly increasing oil prices and the need to curb greenhouse gas emissions...
History Of Steam Road Vehicles ... Ferdinand Verbiest is suggested to have built what may have been the first steam powered car in about 1672, but very little concrete information on this is known to exist. During the latter part of the 18th century, there were numerous attempts to produce self-propelled steerable vehicles...
Traffic Collision ... A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision including; vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, driver skill and/or impairment and driver behaviour. Worldwide motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved...
Automotive Industry In Turkey ... In 1961 the Devrim sedan was manufactured at the Tülomsaş factory in Eskişehir. It was the first indigenously designed and produced Turkish automobile...
Automobile Safety ... From 2006 the use of "bull bars", a fashion on 4x4s and SUVs, became illegal in the European Union, after having been banned on all new cars in 2002... Vehicle colour A Swedish study found that pink cars are involved in the fewest and black cars are involved in the most crashes (Land transport NZ 2005)... In Auckland New Zealand, a study found that there was a significantly lower rate of serious injury in silver cars; with higher rates in, brown, black, and green cars...
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ... Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative braking, which converts the vehicle's kinetic energy into electric energy to charge the battery, rather than wasting it as heat energy as conventional brakes do. Some varieties of HEVs use their internal combustion engine to generate electricity by spinning an electrical generator (this combination is known as a motor-generator), to either recharge their batteries or to directly power the electric drive motors...
Motorcycle Safety ... A national study by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATS) found that: Motorcycle rider death rates increased among all rider age groups between 1998 and 2000 Motorcycle rider deaths were nearly 30 times more than drivers of other vehicles Motorcycle riders aged below 40 are 36 times more likely to be killed than other vehicle operators of the same age. Motorcycle riders aged 40 years and over are around 20 times more likely to be killed than other drivers of that same age...
Peak Oil ... This concept is based on the observed production rates of individual oil wells, projected reserves and the combined production rate of a field of related oil wells. In order to understand physical Peak oil, the growing effort for production must be considered...
Alcohol Fuel ... Most methanol is produced from natural gas, although it can be produced from biomass using very similar chemical processes. Ethanol is commonly produced from biological material through fermentation processes...
Automotive Industry In Iran ... Since then, Iran has developed its domestic industry where it can design and assemble cars on its own, including a new car factory in Kashan...
Road Traffic Safety ... The standard measures used in assessing road safety interventions are fatalities and Killed or Seriously Injured (KSI) rates, usually per billion (109) passenger kilometres. Countries caught in the old road safety paradigm, replace KSI rates with crash rates - for example, crashes per million vehicle miles...
Wood Gas ... Wood can be used to power cars with ordinary internal combustion engines if a wood gasifier is attached...
Further Reading: Trucks
Daytime Running Lamp ... The number of registered cars, buses, vans, and trucks on the road in China reached 62 million in 2009, and is expected to exceed 200 million by 2020...
Automotive Industry In Pakistan ... 0.11% and above: license suspension for 1 year, and charge of offences against public safety with possible prison sentence up to 1 year as the maximum penalty. If the driver is convicted of causing accidents, the penalty shall be increased by half...
Automotive Industry In The People's Republic Of China ... Motor-vehicle manufacturers Sungri Motor Plant Since 1950, Sungri Motor Plant in Tokchon has been North Korea's first and largest motor vehicle plant producing urban and off-road passenger cars; small, midi- and heavy cargo, construction and off-road trucks and buses under the names Sungri, Jaju and others... Pyeonghwa Motors products are sold under the names Hwiparam, Bbeokgugi (Peokkugi) and Zunma: small and luxury cars, minivans, SUVs and pick-up trucks under license...
Hybrid Vehicle Drivetrain ... A two-stage vehicle is a vehicle that has been built by two separate manufacturers. The result is a standard, complete vehicle...
Automotive Industry In North Korea ... Hybrids are classified by the division of power between sources; both sources may operate in parallel to simultaneously provide acceleration, or they may operate in series with one source exclusively providing the acceleration and the second being used to augment the first's power reserve. The sources can also be used in both series and parallel as needed, the vehicle being primarily driven by one source but the second capable of providing direct additional acceleration if required...
Autogas ... The most common commercially available FFV in the world market is the ethanol flexible-fuel vehicle, with 27.1 million automobiles, motorcycles and light duty trucks sold worldwide through December 2011, and concentrated in four markets, Brazil (16.3 million), the United States (10 million), Canada (more than 600,000), and Europe, led by Sweden (228,522)...
Flexible-fuel Vehicle ... As of 2010, India is home to 40 million passenger vehicles. More than 3.7 million automotive vehicles were produced in India in 2010 (an increase of 33.9%), making the country the second fastest growing automobile market in the world...
Hydrogen Vehicle ... Japanese automotive manufacturers include Toyota, Honda, Daihatsu, Nissan, Suzuki, Mazda, Mitsubishi, Subaru, Isuzu, Kawasaki, Yamaha, and Mitsuoka . History Early years In 1904, Torao Yamaha produced the first domestically manufactured bus, which was powered by a steam engine...
Drunk Driving Law By Country ... Autogas is widely used as a "green" fuel as it decreases exhaust emissions. In particular, it reduces CO2 emissions by around 35% compared to petrol...
Natural Gas Vehicle ... According to Ministry of Industries Pakistan produced its first vehicle in 1953, at the National Motors Limited, established in Karachi to assemble Bedford Trucks...
Automotive Industry In Japan ... China The First Hybrid Evaluating prototype locomotive was designed and contracted by rail research center MATRAI in 1999 and the sample was ready in 2000. it was a G12 locomotive that was converted to hybrid by using a 200KW diesel generator and batteries and also was equipped with 4 AC traction motors (out of 4) retrofited in the cover of the DC traction motors...
Electric Vehicle Conversion ... After World War II, the oil shale industry declined due to increased accessibility to conventional crude oil. As of 2010, oil shale was commercially used in Estonia, China and Brazil, while several countries are considering to start or re-start commercial use of oil shale...
Truck (disambiguation) ... Hydrogen fuel does not occur naturally on Earth and thus is not an energy source, but is an energy carrier. Currently it is most frequently made from methane or other fossil fuels...
Hybrid Vehicle ... As of 2009, the U. S. had a fleet of 114,270 compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles, mostly buses; 147,030 vehicles running on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); and 3,176 vehicles liquefied natural gas (LNG)...
Automotive Industry In India ... The dim-dip lights were not intended for use as daytime running lights. Rather, they operated when the engine was running and the driver switched on the front position (parking) lamps...